理性投資人偏好正向偏態還是負向偏態?
2010年David Merkel在網路上寫了一篇文章「 Do Investors Prefer Negative Skewness? 」。他從經濟學的代理人問題模型與黑天鵝理論,提出投資人是偏好「負向偏態」(Negative skewedness)。在其中的一段文字敘述當中, It can be extremely difficult to ascertain the true distribution of an extremely negatively skewed bet from historical data. A long run without an observed loss makes us less confident about any initial negative thesis. This is also the primary explanation for why we prefer longshots in horse races or play the lottery. Merkel更從道德風險角度說明 the Great Moderation has been characterised by a Fed that is willing to cut interest rates at the smallest hint of trouble, even in situations where systemic risk was far from severe. 所以,Merkel認為 The moral hazard subsidy, the principal-agent problem and investor “irrationality” each incentivise economic actors to take on considerably negatively skewed bets. 以及 Assessing the relative contributions of each from historical market data is extremely difficult given that there is no plausible way to separate the e...